The commercial aspects of spiny lobster farming

The Florida spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, is an important item in Florida fisheries, rating high among fishery products. The fishery is centered in south Florida and the Florida Keys but the commercial range may extend into other areas as more exploratory research is done. The majority of the catch is made using wooden traps and discarded ice cans, but large numbers are taken at certain times of the year in bully nets, shrimp trawls, and by hand. The catch is sold alive. The U. S. catches cannot satisfy the demand for this tasty product and each year millions of pounds are imported from South America, Africa, Australia, and other countries. Because of the fairly high market price placed on this animal and because of the large number imported, several persons have become interested in the artificial propagation of the spiny lobster and have requested information on the commercial feasibility of lobster farming. It is for that reason this paper is prepared. (4 page document

Static aerodynamic characteristics of the S-IC booster/GAC H-33 orbiter launch vehicle configuration

This test at the trisonic tunnel was divided into two parts. The first part utilized the H-33 orbiter with drop tanks and cradle mounted on an S-IC booster with 75 square-foot fins oriented 45 deg off the horizontal and vertical reference planes. Runs were initially made to determine the optimum incidence angle to be used for the remainder of the tests. The angle so determined was 0 degrees. Additional testing was performed with drop tanks removed, orbiter vertical tail removed, drop tanks and orbiter wing removed, booster fins removed and booster fins located in the horizontal and vertical reference planes. The second part utilized the H-33 orbiter and cradle only, sting mounted on a strain gage balance. These data were used in conjunction with test number 504 (orbiter alone on balance) to determine cradle effects

Thermal acoustic oscillations, volume 2

A number of thermal acoustic oscillation phenomena and their effects on cryogenic systems were studied. The conditions which cause or suppress oscillations, the frequency, amplitude and intensity of oscillations when they exist, and the heat loss they induce are discussed. Methods of numerical analysis utilizing the digital computer were developed for use in cryogenic systems design. In addition, an experimental verification program was conducted to study oscillation wave characteristics and boiloff rate. The data were then reduced and compared with the analytical predictions

Coal in Alaska requirements to enhance environmentally sound use in both domestic and Pacific Rim markets

This document originates from three meetings held in 1989 with the leaders of the Alaskan Coal Industry and coal technologists from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)~ Mineral Industry Research Laboratory (MIRL) and Geophysical Institute - University of Alaska Fairbanks, the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, the Alaska Science and Technology Commission, several of the Alaska Native Corporations, and a number of coal experts from private industries. The information included is intended to illustrate the vast resource base and quality of Alaskan coals, show the projected size of the Pacific Rim steam coal market, discuss policy changes necessary to facilitate the development of an expanded coal industry, and describe the technology development needs for Alaskan coals to compete in the world market. It is aimed at increasing the general knowledge about the potential of coal in Alaska and providing data for use in marketing the resource.Prepared for the Governor and Legislators - State of Alaska under the Direction of Dr. Henry Cole, Science and Technology Advisor. Technical Editor - Dr. Warrack G. Willson, Energy and Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota; and Mineral Industry Research Laboratory, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Co-authors - W. (Bill) Irwin, Consultant, Calgary, Alberta; Dr. John Sims, Usibelli Coal Mine Inc.; Dr. p.o. Rao, Mineral Industry Research Laboratory; and Bill Noll, Suneel Alaska Corp

Design, fabrication, testing and delivery of a solar collector

A two phase program encompassing the redesign and fabrication of a solar collector which is low in cost and aesthetically appealing is described. Phase one work reviewed the current collector design and developed a low-cost design based on specific design/performance/cost requirements. Throughout this phase selected collector component materials were evaluated by testing and by considering cost, installation, maintainability and durability. The resultant collector design was composed of an absorber plate, insulation, frame, cover, desiccant and sealant. In Phase two, three collector prototypes were fabricated and evaluated for both nonthermal and thermal characteristics. Tests included static load tests of covers, burst pressure tests of absorber plates, and tests for optical characteristics of selective absorber plate coatings. The three prototype collectors were shipped to Marshall Space Flight Center for use in their solar heating and cooling test facility

Stormwater Management Performance of Green Roofs

Green roofs are gaining recognition in North America as effective tools for managing stormwater runoff in urban areas. A greater understanding of how green roofs perform with respect to fundamental stormwater management criteria, such as stormwater retention and peak flow attenuation is required. This study investigated the impact that changing climates have on the retention performance of three green roofs in London, Calgary, and Halifax. It was found that Calgary (67%) has significantly better retention performance then both London (48%) and Halifax (34%). However, London retained the greatest volume of stormwater (758 mm), followed by Halifax (517 mm) then Calgary (474 mm). Further monitoring of the hydrologic response for a fourth green roof in London Ontario was conducted to identify and measure the fundamental processes of peak attenuation on a green roof. It was determined that field capacity is a quantifiable point, after which peak attenuation performance significantly decreases. Before field capacity peak attenuation is governed by capillary storage (72%) and routing (7%). After field capacity, gravity storage provides peak attenuation (22%) and drainage routing plays a larger role (11%). A predictive model was developed using Richards equation to simulate the outflow hydrographs of a green roof. Model results show that there is no significant difference from observed data for the performance metrics (ie., water storage, drainage, and peak flow rate). For the first time in green roof literature the impact of climate on retention was assessed, the processes of peak attenuation were quantified, and an accurate predictive model was presented

A Structural Dynamic Analysis of a Manduca Sexta Forewing

Micro air vehicles (MAVs) are intended for future intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance use. To adequately fulfill a clandestine capacity, MAVs must operate in close proximity to their intended target without eliciting counter-observation. This objective, along with DARPA’s constraint of a sub-15 centimeter span, requires future MAVs to mimic insect appearance and flight characteristics. This thesis describes an experimental method for conducting a structural analysis of a Manduca Sexta (hawkmoth) forewing. Geometry is captured via computed tomography (CT), and frequency data is collected using laser vibrometry in air and vacuum. A finite element (FE) model is constructed using quadratic beams and general-purpose shell elements, and a linear dynamic analysis is conducted. A preliminary verification of the FE model is carried out to ensure the Manduca Sexta forewing is adequately characterized, providing a basis for future fluid-structural interaction computations. Included is a study regarding the aeroelastic effects on flapping-wing insect flight, and an analysis of the structural dynamic anomalies of conventional, flat, semi-rigid flapping wings